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The common interpretation of a biomass stove, is a log stove. Burning logs as a source of temperature in a living room or open plan living space has been done for hundreds even thousands of years. On the other hand, for many years the humble log stove has been seen more as a different temperature source for one room or even a style alternative, rather than a complete solution to abode heating. There are quite a few reasons for this, firstly a log stove is a lot of work for people with a busy modern habits. The stove will also not generate a lot of useable heat, it may create the living room very warm, but the rest of the property will not benefit from the heat. A modern wood stove which can meet the users demands must generate more useable heat as well as at the same time be low maintenance. Though biomass logs are the predominant interpretation of biomass, there are many other forms of biomass which can also be used as wood fuel. Biomass simply refers to any form of organic matter which can be used as a fuel source. This includes biomass logs, but also biomass chips plus sawdust from wood processing operations. There are other sources of biomass such as agricultural waste such as grass and other waste from food production. This wood reserve is particularly under utilized in addition to has very little value. Most wood resources however cannot be used as energy in their raw form. Proficient combustion is down to energy density as well as energy moisture content. To process biomass into the most proficient form of solid energy, the most practical process is to upgrade the biomass into pellets. Pellets have a much higher density, along with also have a low moisture content, generating more heat.

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The properties of pellets mean they flow well through feed hoppers along with can light quite easily plus quickly. This means that pellets can easily be used in automatic in addition to sophisticated heating systems. Biomass burners therefore can be controlled via a thermostat the same as any other oil or gas heating system. When the thermostat demands more temperature the auger system on the biomass stove will feed more pellets into the fire. If the fire is not lit, then a hot rod igniter will start the fire by means of a higher fan speed. Once the fire is lit the fan speed will lower to achieve the correct incineration heat to maximise heat generated while keeping fuel consumption to a minimum. It is these features which makes biomass pellet stoves more of a realistic full heating solution.

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The biomass stove can be used to provide temperature for a single room, or by a boiler can be used to feed into your existing central heating system. The amount of maintenance required for the pellet stove will depend the features included and the size of the fuel hopper. Generally the size of pellet fuel hopper on the biomass stove will hold adequate energy for at least a day, which is already much greater than a log stove, which will need fuel loading quite a few times a day. However some biomass pellet stoves can have fuel hopper extensions so the stove can run for a week or even more than a few weeks without the need to refuel. To minimise energy loading, it is probable to link a biomass stove by way of an large external energy hopper which will feed the smaller hopper on the stove. The large external hopper can hold up to year worth of energy, as well as be loaded by way of a pellet fuel tanker which blows in pellets.

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