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Wood pellet plants are a complete set up to equipment used to manufacture biomass pellets, generally for use as pellet fuel. There are quite a few pieces of equipment used to produce pellets, including biomass pellet mills. One of the first pieces of equipment in the biomass pellet plant is the hammer mill or chipper. Before pellet compression can take place the raw matter must be reduced to small uniform size. The particle size required does vary on the diameter of pellet to be created and the mm diameter hole in the pellet mill due. For case, pellet fuel is usually created to 6mm pellets, as this diameter of pellet can be used by way of all pellet stoves. Therefore the particle size created via the hammer mill, chipper or crusher must be smaller than 6mm. Some pellet boilers can use larger diameter pellets, therefore in these circumstances a large pellet could be created such as 8mm, therefore the hammer mill must create particles less than 8mm. These are the minimum requirements for particle size reduction, on the other hand there is evidence to support that a smaller particle size of around 3-4mm produces a better quality pellet. The reasons for this is a smaller particle size allows for better heat penetration, to produce a stronger more durable biomass pellet fuel.

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Before the raw material is ready for the biomass pellet mill, a dryer is usually included in the wood pellet plant. Most virgin biomass resources have a moisture content of around 50%, along with for pellet manufacture that figure needs to be closer to 15%. Therefore after the hammer mill, a flash dryer or rotary dryer is included into the pellet plant. A flash dryer is also known as a air current dryer or pipe dryer. The wet particles are carried in a hot gas stream owing to a pipe network in addition to buffer cylinders. A cyclone separator is then used to separate the dry particles and wet air. A flash dryer is usually used for raw material which need only around 10-20 moisture removed. For large biomass pellet plants rotary dryers are used as they can be restricted. The pellet mill or wood pellet mill is the central piece of equipment in the wood pellet plant. As stated, before pellet compression in the wood pellet mill can take place, the raw material must have the correct particle size plus the correct moisture content. It must also be free from contaminates such as stone or metal, which could damage the pellet mill rollers along with die. Any key feature the raw matter should have for consistent as well as proficient quality pellet manufacture, is matter constituency its self.

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Most biomass pellet plants are used to make wood pellet fuel for pellet stoves as well as boilers. As stated this usually means generating a pellet of 6mm or perhaps 8mm for pellet boilers. Wood pellet plant owners actually prefer producing large diameter pellets, as the fee to create the pellets is less. A large diameter pellet consumes less power during particle size reduction and pellet compression in the pellet mill.

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